Yesaya 1:1

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1:1 Here is the message about Judah and Jerusalem ¹  that was revealed to Isaiah son of Amoz during the time when Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, and Hezekiah reigned over Judah. ² 

Yesaya 3:1

A Coming Leadership Crisis

3:1 Look, the sovereign Lord who commands armies ³ 

is about to remove from Jerusalem ⁴  and Judah

every source of security, including ⁵ 

all the food and water, ⁶ 

Yesaya 4:4

4:4 At that time ⁷  the sovereign master ⁸  will wash the excrement ⁹  from Zion’s women,

he will rinse the bloodstains from Jerusalem’s midst, ¹⁰ 

as he comes to judge

and to bring devastation. ¹¹ 

Yesaya 10:12

10:12 But when ¹²  the sovereign master ¹³  finishes judging ¹⁴  Mount Zion and Jerusalem, then I ¹⁵  will punish the king of Assyria for what he has proudly planned and for the arrogant attitude he displays. ¹⁶ 

Yesaya 22:21

22:21 I will put your robe on him, tie your belt around him, and transfer your authority to him. ¹⁷  He will become a protector of ¹⁸  the residents of Jerusalem and of the people ¹⁹  of Judah.

Yesaya 30:19

30:19 For people will live in Zion;

in Jerusalem ²⁰  you will weep no more. ²¹ 

When he hears your cry of despair, he will indeed show you mercy;

when he hears it, he will respond to you. ²² 

Yesaya 31:9

31:9 They will surrender their stronghold ²³  because of fear; ²⁴ 

their officers will be afraid of the Lord’s battle flag.” ²⁵ 

This is what the Lord says –

the one whose fire is in Zion,

whose firepot is in Jerusalem. ²⁶ 

Yesaya 37:22

37:22 this is what the Lord says about him: ²⁷ 

“The virgin daughter Zion ²⁸ 

despises you – she makes fun of you;

daughter Jerusalem

shakes her head after you. ²⁹ 

Yesaya 37:32

37:32 “For a remnant will leave Jerusalem;

survivors will come out of Mount Zion.

The intense devotion of the Lord who commands armies ³⁰  will accomplish this.

Yesaya 40:2

40:2 “Speak kindly to ³¹  Jerusalem, ³²  and tell her

that her time of warfare is over, ³³ 

that her punishment is completed. ³⁴ 

For the Lord has made her pay double ³⁵  for all her sins.”

Yesaya 44:28

44:28 who commissions ³⁶  Cyrus, the one I appointed as shepherd ³⁷ 

to carry out all my wishes ³⁸ 

and to decree concerning Jerusalem, ‘She will be rebuilt,’

and concerning the temple, ‘It will be reconstructed.’” ³⁹ 

Yesaya 51:17

51:17 Wake up! Wake up!

Get up, O Jerusalem!

You drank from the cup the Lord passed to you,

which was full of his anger! ⁴⁰ 

You drained dry

the goblet full of intoxicating wine. ⁴¹ 

Yesaya 62:1

The Lord Takes Delight in Zion

62:1 “For the sake of Zion I will not be silent;

for the sake of Jerusalem ⁴²  I will not be quiet,

until her vindication shines brightly ⁴³ 

and her deliverance burns like a torch.”

Yesaya 65:18-19

65:18 But be happy and rejoice forevermore

over what I am about to create!

For look, I am ready to create Jerusalem ⁴⁴  to be a source of joy, ⁴⁵ 

and her people to be a source of happiness. ⁴⁶ 

65:19 Jerusalem will bring me joy,

and my people will bring me happiness. ⁴⁷ 

The sound of weeping or cries of sorrow

will never be heard in her again.

[1:1]  ¹ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[1:1]  ² tn Heb “The vision of Isaiah son of Amoz, which he saw concerning Judah and Jerusalem, in the days of Uzziah, Jotham, Ahaz, [and] Hezekiah, kings of Judah.”

[1:1]  sn Isaiah’s prophetic career probably began in the final year of Uzziah’s reign (ca. 740 b.c., see Isa 6:1) and extended into the later years of Hezekiah’s reign, which ended in 686 b.c.

[3:1]  ³ tn Heb “the master, the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” On the title “the Lord who commands armies,” see the note at 1:9.

[3:1]  ⁴ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[3:1]  ⁵ tn Heb “support and support.” The masculine and feminine forms of the noun are placed side-by-side to emphasize completeness. See GKC 394 §122.v.

[3:1]  ⁶ tn Heb “all the support of food, and all the support of water.”

[4:4]  ⁷ tn Heb “when” (so KJV, NAB, NASB); CEV “after”; NRSV “once.”

[4:4]  ⁸ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here is אֲדֹנָי (’adonai).

[4:4]  ⁹ tn The word refers elsewhere to vomit (Isa 28:8) and fecal material (Isa 36:12). Many English versions render this somewhat euphemistically as “filth” (e.g., NAB, NIV, NRSV). Ironically in God’s sight the beautiful jewelry described earlier is nothing but vomit and feces, for it symbolizes the moral decay of the city’s residents (cf. NLT “moral filth”).

[4:4]  ¹⁰ sn See 1:21 for a related concept.

[4:4]  ¹¹ tn Heb “by a spirit of judgment and by a spirit of burning.” The precise meaning of the second half of the verse is uncertain. רוּחַ (ruakh) can be understood as “wind” in which case the passage pictures the Lord using a destructive wind as an instrument of judgment. However, this would create a mixed metaphor, for the first half of the verse uses the imagery of washing and rinsing to depict judgment. Perhaps the image would be that of a windstorm accompanied by heavy rain. רוּחַ can also mean “spirit,” in which case the verse may be referring to the Lord’s Spirit or, more likely, to a disposition that the Lord brings to the task of judgment. It is also uncertain if בָּעַר (ba’ar) here means “burning” or “sweeping away, devastating.”

[10:12]  ¹² tn The verb that introduces this verse serves as a discourse particle and is untranslated; see note on “in the future” in 2:2.

[10:12]  ¹³ tn The Hebrew term translated “sovereign master” here and in vv. 16, 23, 24, 33 is אֲדֹנָי (’adonay).

[10:12]  ¹⁴ tn Heb “his work on/against.” Cf. NAB, NASB, NRSV “on”; NIV “against.”

[10:12]  ¹⁵ tn The Lord is speaking here, as in vv. 5-6a.

[10:12]  ¹⁶ tn Heb “I will visit [judgment] on the fruit of the greatness of the heart of the king of Assyria, and on the glory of the height of his eyes.” The proud Assyrian king is likened to a large, beautiful fruit tree.

[22:21]  ¹⁷ tn Heb “and your dominion I will place in his hand.”

[22:21]  ¹⁸ tn Heb “a father to.” The Hebrew term אָב (’av, “father”) is here used metaphorically of one who protects and supports those under his care and authority, like a father does his family. For another example of this metaphorical use of the word, see Job 29:16.

[22:21]  ¹⁹ tn Heb “house.”

[30:19]  ²⁰ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[30:19]  ²¹ tn Heb “For people in Zion will live, in Jerusalem, you will weep no more.” The phrase “in Jerusalem” could be taken with what precedes. Some prefer to emend יֵשֵׁב (yeshev, “will live,” a Qal imperfect) to יֹשֵׁב (yoshev, a Qal active participle) and translate “For [you] people in Zion, who live in Jerusalem, you will weep no more.”

[30:19]  ²² tn Heb “he will indeed show you mercy at the sound of your crying out; when he hears, he will answer you.”

[31:9]  ²³ tn Heb “rocky cliff” (cf. ASV, NASB “rock”), viewed metaphorically as a place of defense and security.

[31:9]  ²⁴ tn Heb “His rocky cliff, because of fear, will pass away [i.e., “perish”].”

[31:9]  ²⁵ tn Heb “and they will be afraid of the flag, his officers.”

[31:9]  ²⁶ sn The “fire” and “firepot” here symbolize divine judgment, which is heating up like a fire in Jerusalem, waiting to be used against the Assyrians when they attack the city.

[37:22]  ²⁷ tn Heb “this is the word which the Lord has spoken about him.”

[37:22]  ²⁸ sn Zion (Jerusalem) is pictured here as a young, vulnerable daughter whose purity is being threatened by the would-be Assyrian rapist. The personification hints at the reality which the young girls of the city would face if the Assyrians conquer it.

[37:22]  ²⁹ sn Shaking the head was a mocking gesture of derision.

[37:32]  ³⁰ tn Heb “the zeal of the Lord who commands armies [traditionally, the Lord of hosts].” In this context the Lord’s “zeal” refers to his intense devotion to and love for his people which prompts him to protect and restore them.

[40:2]  ³¹ tn Heb “speak to the heart of Jerusalem.” Jerusalem is personified as a woman.

[40:2]  ³² map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[40:2]  ³³ tn Heb “that she is filled [with] her warfare.” Some understand צָבָא (tsavah, “warfare”) as meaning “hard service” or “compulsory labor” in this context.

[40:2]  ³⁴ tn Heb “that her punishment is accepted [as satisfactory].”

[40:2]  ³⁵ tn Heb “for she has received from the hand of the Lord double.” The principle of the double portion in punishment is also seen in Jer 16:18; 17:18 and Rev 18:6. For examples of the double portion in Israelite law, see Exod 22:4, 7, 9 (double restitution by a thief) and Deut 21:17 (double inheritance portion for the firstborn).

[44:28]  ³⁶ tn Heb “says to.” It is possible that the sentence is not completed, as the description of Cyrus and his God-given role is developed in the rest of the verse. 45:1 picks up where 44:28a leaves off with the Lord’s actual words to Cyrus finally being quoted in 45:2.

[44:28]  ³⁷ tn Heb “my shepherd.” The shepherd motif is sometimes applied, as here, to a royal figure who is responsible for the well-being of the people whom he rules.

[44:28]  ³⁸ tn Heb “that he might bring to completion all my desire.”

[44:28]  ³⁹ tn Heb “and [concerning the] temple, you will be founded.” The preposition -לְ (lÿ) is understood by ellipsis at the beginning of the second line. The verb תִּוָּסֵד (tivvased, “you will be founded”) is second masculine singular and is probably addressed to the personified temple (הֵיכָל [hekhal, “temple”] is masculine).

[51:17]  ⁴⁰ tn Heb “[you] who have drunk from the hand of the Lord the cup of his anger.”

[51:17]  ⁴¹ tn Heb “the goblet, the cup [that causes] staggering, you drank, you drained.”

[62:1]  ⁴² map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[62:1]  ⁴³ tn Heb “goes forth like brightness.”

[65:18]  ⁴⁴ map For location see Map5 B1; Map6 F3; Map7 E2; Map8 F2; Map10 B3; JP1 F4; JP2 F4; JP3 F4; JP4 F4.

[65:18]  ⁴⁵ tn Heb “Jerusalem, joy.” The next verse suggests the meaning: The Lord will create Jerusalem to be a source of joy to himself.

[65:18]  ⁴⁶ tn Heb “her people, happiness.” See the preceding note.

[65:19]  ⁴⁷ tn Heb “and I will rejoice in Jerusalem, and be happy in my people.”